LBA (Lesson Based Assessment) – Purpose, Advantages & Preparation
SOCIAL SCIENCE-POLITICAL SCIENCE-CHAPTER-4
World Organisations
World organizations play an important role in maintaining peace, security, economic development, international cooperation, and social welfare. These organizations work together to solve global problems and improve relations among nations.
The United Nations and its affiliated organizations have contributed significantly in areas such as health, education, food security, child welfare, labour rights, and economic development.
This chapter explains the structure and functions of the United Nations, its specialized agencies, and regional organizations.
United Nations (UN)
The United Nations (UN) was established in 1945 after the Second World War to maintain international peace and security.
Who Coined the Term “United Nations”?
The term “United Nations” was coined by Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Headquarters of UN
The headquarters of the United Nations is located in New York, USA.
Why was the UN Established?
The UN was established to:
- Maintain world peace
- Promote international cooperation
- Protect human rights
- Solve international disputes
- Encourage development activities
Objectives of the United Nations
Major objectives of the UN are:
- Maintain international peace and security
- Develop friendly relations among nations
- Promote social and economic development
- Protect human rights
- Solve global problems through cooperation
Organs of the United Nations
The United Nations has six major organs:
- General Assembly
- Security Council
- Economic and Social Council
- Trusteeship Council
- International Court of Justice
- Secretariat
General Assembly
The General Assembly is known as the “World Parliament.”
Composition of General Assembly
Each member nation can send five representatives to the General Assembly.
Functions of General Assembly
- Discuss international issues
- Approve budget
- Elect members to UN bodies
- Promote international cooperation
Security Council
The Security Council is called the “Cabinet of UN.”
Permanent Members of Security Council
The five permanent members are:
- United States
- United Kingdom
- Russia
- China
- France
Functions of Security Council
- Maintain world peace
- Resolve conflicts
- Take action against aggression
- Recommend peace measures
Trusteeship Council
The importance of the Trusteeship Council has reduced because most trust territories have become independent.
Last Territory Under Trusteeship Council
Palau was the last territory to become independent under Trusteeship Council administration.
International Court of Justice (ICJ)
The headquarters of the International Court of Justice is located at The Hague, Netherlands.
Functions:
- Settles disputes among nations
- Gives legal advice
- Promotes international law
World Health Organization (WHO)
WHO was established in 1948.
Headquarters of WHO
WHO headquarters is located in Geneva, Switzerland.
Role of WHO
WHO works for:
- Disease prevention
- Health awareness
- Vaccination programs
- Medical support
- Global health protection
WHO played an important role during global health emergencies.
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
FAO headquarters is located in Rome, Italy.
Objectives of FAO
- Increase food production
- Improve agriculture
- Reduce hunger
- Promote rural development
UNICEF
UNICEF was established after the Second World War for the welfare of children.
Role of UNICEF
UNICEF works for:
- Child welfare
- Education
- Health services
- Nutrition programs
- Child protection
UNICEF received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1965.
UNESCO
UNESCO works in the fields of:
- Education
- Science
- Culture
- Heritage protection
Functions of UNESCO
- Promote education
- Preserve world heritage
- Support scientific development
- Encourage cultural cooperation
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
IMF helps in solving international financial problems.
IMF Functions
- Financial assistance
- Exchange stability
- Economic cooperation
- Monetary support
IMF is called the “Central Bank of Central Banks.”
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)
IBRD contributes to world economic development through:
- Development loans
- Infrastructure support
- Poverty reduction
- Economic growth assistance
World Trade Organization (WTO)
WTO is called the “Third Economic Pillar of World Trade and Commerce.”
Functions:
- Promote international trade
- Reduce trade barriers
- Resolve trade disputes
- Support global economy
Commonwealth of Nations
The Commonwealth promotes:
- International cooperation
- Development
- Democracy
- Peace among member countries
SAARC
SAARC was established in 1985.
Headquarters of SAARC
SAARC headquarters is located in Kathmandu, Nepal.
Objectives of SAARC
- Regional cooperation
- Economic development
- Social progress
- Cultural relations
European Union (EU)
The headquarters of the European Union is located in Brussels, Belgium.
Institutions of European Union
- European Parliament
- European Commission
- European Council
- Court of Justice
African Union (AU)
African Union was established in 2002.
Objectives:
- Promote unity
- Economic cooperation
- Development among African countries
Important Questions for LBA Preparation
1 Mark Questions
✔ When was UN established?
✔ Who coined the term United Nations?
✔ Where is UN headquarters located?
✔ Where is WHO headquarters located?
✔ Where is FAO headquarters located?
✔ When was SAARC established?
✔ What is WTO called?
2–3 Mark Questions
Mention permanent members of Security Council.
USA, UK, Russia, China, France.
Explain objectives of FAO.
Food production, agriculture development, hunger reduction.
Explain role of WHO.
Disease prevention, health awareness, and global health protection.
Long Answer Questions
✔ Functions of UNESCO
✔ Objectives of United Nations
✔ Composition and functions of General Assembly
✔ Composition and functions of Security Council
✔ Achievements of UN
Conclusion
“World Organisations” explains the role of UN, WHO, UNICEF, UNESCO, WTO, IMF, and regional organizations in maintaining world peace, development, and cooperation.
This chapter is important for LBA preparation and board examinations.
LBA Material PDF Link
World Organisations [PDF]